Typewriter



ay a

1,493. D FARINA TYPEWRITER Filed Ma 27 1523 2 8h0ets-Sheet 1 ly I Patent May 13,1924.

- UNITED STATES nomnmoo FABIZN'A, or rvam, ITALY.

TYPEWB'ITER.

Application filed March 27, 1923. vSerial'lio. 628,050.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Dormmoo FARINA, a subject of the King of Italy, residing at Ivrea, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriters, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to typewriters of the conventional class in which a paper-platen carriage is caused to move forward through one type-space after each operation of a key by the cooperation of the key action with an universal bar actuating a ,trip gear or escapement mechanism which controls the carriage progression.

The present invention has for its object a typewriter of the described class in which the escapement may permit the carriage to move through steps having different lengths.

This provision is useful for the purpose of accommodating type imprints having a greater width than other ones, or for leavmg a free space after given imprints or after each imprint, and also for making it possible to provide the typewriter with a series of types of larger size.

The presentinvention also provides controlling means for enabling the operator to obtain at any time'the desired spacing, as well as a construction of escapement particularly useful for the purposes of the present invention. 3 7 On the annexed drawing is shown diagrammatically. an embodiment of the present invention and Figure 1 is a perspective diagrammatic view from the rear of a typewriter equipped with the invention; Figure 2 is a diagrammatic side view of a short spacing type bar action with-the cooperating parts intended to actuate the escapeme'nt; Figure 3 is a similar diagram with the parts in a different position; Fi re 4 is a similar view of the action for a ong spacing type; Figure 5' is a fragmentary plan v1ew of a portion of the universal bar with cooperating parts; Figure 6 is a side view of the same with the parts for manipulating said universal bar; Figure 7 is a front'view of the escapement controlling the feeding progression of the platen carriage; Figure 8 is a side view of the same; Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12 are transverse sections of platen carriage and the corresponding oscillation of the universal bar; Figure 16 is a side view of Figure 15; and Figure 17 is a view of the escapement dogs seen from the top as from line 17-17 in Figure 16.

In Figure 1', 1 is a frame on which may reciprocate a paper platen carriage 27 which is moved towards the left by a spring barrel 28; in said frame 1 are fulcrumed at 2" key levers 2 which actuate ties 29 and type bars 3 carrying types 30. Of course the typewriter comprises a plurality of the described type bar actions, a single one only ness.

Each of said lovers 2 engages a universal bar 4 carried by rocking side arms 5 fixed to a spindle 31 which is journaled at 32 on the frame 1 and has an arm 6 actuating a tie -being illustrated for the purpose of clear- 7 and a bell crank 8 which is the actuating part of the trip gear or escapement mechanism hereinafter described and intended to control the step-by-step rotation of a sprocket 9, this sprocket being connected with a pinion 33 which meshes with the carriage rack bar (not shown) to control the type-feed of the carriage under the pull produced by the spring barrel 28. I

To said universal bar 4 and its cooperating arms 5, and, hence, to spindle 31 and arm 6, an oscillatory movement is imparted, as usual, by the key levers for the purpose of actuating the escapement after the manipulation of each key; and according to the present invention different oscillations in respect of different keys are imparted o said bar in order to obtain a selective operation of the escapement and different spacing strokes of the carriage.

For such purpose the bar 4 is rotatably mounted at itsends in the arms 5 and has an lar cross section to provide pro ect1n an we s 10-11 located at to each other an which project to different extents from the rocking axis of the bar 4, as hereinafter described.

In line with each of the levers 2 (Figurea certain distance before engaging the bar 4 and shifting it with parts 6-7--8, and the escapement operates in the usual manner and causes the sprocket 9 and the carriage 27 to move a single step. On the contrary, the levers 2 for long spacing which are in register with the projections 12 have no lost motion but engage the universal bar practically at once, so that they produce a greater oscillation of the bar and of the bell crank 8, thus causing a double operation of the carriage. 1

Therefore the carriage moves through a different stroke in respect of given ty es and thus a larger space may be left for c rtain types as '-m and w which have a greater width than other ones and which 1 ordinary typewriters must be exceedingly restricted to be made on type hammers of usual width.

This arrangement may also be useful to obtain automatically the free space after certain signs as or others after which the spacing key must be operated in ordinary typewriters.

When the web 11 of the bar 4 is carried in cooperation with the levers 22', all these levers impart the same stroke to said bar on being depressed, and therefore a double feed stroke is obtained for the carriage at each key depression. It is thus possible to obtain a spaced writing, that is a writing,

comprising a clear or free space after each type, which in known typewriters requires the o eration of the spacing key after each key epression.

The rotation of the bar 4 around its axis for carrying it in the desired conditions of operation is obtained by means of a rod 13 connected with a crank lever 14 adapted to cooperate with a controlling part.

A spring 15 keeps'the said bar 4 in the position shown by Figures 2 and 4 in which a double spacing is made only for given types, these being the normal writing conditions, and the said bar may be carried temporarily in the position of Figure 4 against the action of said spring for a general double spacing by a manipulation of its controlling lever.

The lever 14 is manipulated by a special key or memberfor producing a double spacing, but said lever may of course be actuated by other devices of the typewriter when double spacing is to be obtained in combineeacar nation with the operation of given set or sets of types;

Of course the said bar 4 may also be provided with a larger number of webs each adapted to be carried in cooperation with the key levers for the purpose of obtalmng a larger variation in spacing feed; the trip gear must of course be adapted to produce a carriage feed in proportion with the osclllation imparted to it through said bar and cooperatin devices.

Hereina ter is described an embodiment of escapement mechanism adapted to coop crate with the said universal bar for permittingthe carriage to make two diflerent type-feed strokes in accordance with the oscillations imparted to said universal bar.

The sprocket 9 of the escapement is connected with the pinion 33 which, as pre viously stated, meshes with the carriage rack bar (not shown) through a pawl and ratchet pinion (not shown) for the purpose of allowing the return stroke of the carriage; therefore the pull produced on the carriage by the spring barrel 28 acts to rotate the sprocket 9 in the direction of the arrow in Figure 7 so as to keep it with one of its teeth 11 against a stop 12 hereinafter described.

The pins 13 provided on the said sprocket are for the return key operation and the pawl 14 acts to lock said sprocket during the return stroke of the carriage; these 'devices are not particularly described as they are conventional ones and have no cooperation with the present invention.

The escapement comprises the crank lever 8-17 which is fulcrumed on pointed pins 15 on a stationary part 16 of the frame 1; said crank lever comprises the arm 8 to which connects the tie 7 ofthe universal bar, and an arm 17 having trip stops hereina after described; a torsional spring 18 keeps said crank arm 817 in the position shown by Figure/8.

The arm 17 has an abutment 19 and has pivoted thereon at 2121 two trip stops 12 -12 having independent springs 20-22 acting to move each of them into the position shown by Figures 16 and 17. The said stops are kept in such a position by the tail 23 of the stop 12 and by the finger 24 of this stop engaging the stop 12*; this stop 12 in turn has a finger 25 adapted to engage the stop 12 and to keep it with its front surface in the same plane as the surface of the stationary abutment 19 and of the stop 12 when on this latter acts one of the teeth 11 of the sprocket 9 which is acted on by the carriage spring as hereinafter described.

With the trip stop 12 is rigidly connected a quadrant 26 whose side edge 26 is more remote from the side of the abutment 19 opposite it than the side of the said stop 12 up to a position in which the stop 12 mayengage the next tooth of the sprocket 9.

The arrangement and adjustment of the parts are such that when the universal bar 4 makes a sin 1e oscillation the arm 17 (which is usuaIly kept .in the position of Figure 8) moves temporarily into the posis tion of Figure 13 to carry the stop 12 behind one tooth .11 of the sprocket 9 and then comes immediately back into its usual position; on the contrary when a double spacing is required, the arm 17 oscillates as shown by Figure 15 and moves temporaril the stationary abutment 19 behind the toot 11.

In the first case as long as the stop 12 moves along the tooth 11 of the sprocket 9, this sprocket is held stationary because the engagement surfaces of the stops 12 -12 are in the same lane, but the spring 22 moves the stop 12 orward and therefore on the arm 17 coming back into normal position and the stop 12' leaving the tooth 11*, this latter may move forward under the action of the carriage spring barrel 28 and of the cooperating carriage rack bar, pinion 33 and sprocket 9; immediately thereafter it engages the edge 26" (Figure ;17) of the quadrant 26, which quadrant carries the stop 12 into a position to engage the next tooth 11 of the sprocket. Thus is obtained the progression of the sprocket 9 and of the carriage through one step and after each operation the parts are again in the position shown by Figures '2' and 8.

When the universal bar moves through a double oscillation, the arm 17 takes up temporarily the position shown in ,Figures 15 and 16 and thereafter is carried back by its spring 18 into the position of Figures 7 and 8.

12 -12 and of the abutment 19 which are in one and the same plane; during this stroke the stops 12 +12 are released one after the other and when the tooth 11 bears on the abutment 19 said stops 12 12' are in the position of Figures 15 16- 17.

During the return stroke of the arm 17 the tooth 11 may move forward as soonas released from the abutment 19, but during this motion it rides along the 'side 26 of the quadrant 26 to prevent the return of the arm 17 into its normal position; before the next tooth 11' comes into engagement with the stop 12", the tooth 11* leaves the side of the quadrant 26 and then the arm 17 is left free to rock under the action of its spring 18 .to clear ofl' the stop 12' and to give free passage to the next tooth 11',

in front of which comes the side 26 of the quadrant 26; the tooth '11 during its motion causes the oscillation of the quadrant 26 and of the stop 12 rigid with it. Said stop 12 is thus again in condition to engage the tooth 11" of the sprocket 9 and to stop this latter with the carriage.

The double stroke of the carriage is thus obtained without the intermediate tooth of g the sprocket coming in engagement with a stop; therefore the operation is made very quick and noiseless.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure bytUnited States Letters Patent 1s:--

1. In a typewriter, the combination of type actuating key levers, supporting parts, an universal bar fulcrumed in said supporting parts, a continuous web on said bar, a row of projections-on said bar, said row being ofi'set angularly with respect to said web, means for shifting said bar to carry at will said web or said projection r'ow into posi'tion for cooperation with said keylevers; said projections, when in cooperating position, extending upwardly abovethe normal surface of the bar into close proximity to the key-levers above them, whereby they will be immediately engaged when those levers are depressed, and will cause said bar to move downIward t'e a greater extent than when said web is engaged by the other key-levers; and an escapement actuated by said bar for pro-- ducing the movement of the said carriage through spaces of different extents in cordance with the displacements imparted tc said universal bar,

2. In a typewriter, an escapement for the carriage type-space movement which is actuated by an universal bar and coopen ating type actuating key levers, and cooperating means on said bar and levers to selectively move said bar through strokes of difierent extents by the manipulation of said levers; said escapement comprising a sprocket and a trip member having two trip stops, one of the stops cooperating with successive teeth of said sprocket, while the other stop cooperates with alternating teeth of said sprocket, either stop being put in operation according to the different strokes imparted to said universal bar.

3. In a typewriter, an escapement for the carriage type-space movement which is I gaging one of the 'sprocket't'eeth; cooperating means keeping thesaid stopsin position when either of them is engaged" by one of the sprocket teeth, a's-pring individual to each of said stops to move it away from said abutment when the associated stop is re leased from the said sprocket tooth, and a part rigidly connected with said end stop; the said stationary abutment being carried by a given oscillation of said tri member into engagementwith the sproc et tooth which was engaged by said end stop, said tooth being then left free to clear said intermediate stop while the next sprocket tooth engages the said part rigidly connected with said end stop and causes the latter stop to come into position to engage the third sprocket tooth to produce a double carriage stroke.

4. ln a typewriter, an escapement for the carriage type-space movement which is actuated by an universal bar and cooperatmg type actuating key levers, and cooperating means on said bar and levers to selectively move said bar through strokes of different extents by the manipulation of said levers; said escapement comprising a sprocket, a trip member having a stationary abutment, a movable end stop and an intermediate movable stop, a spring keeping said trip member with said end stop engaging one of the sprocket teeth, cooperating means keeping the said stops in position when the end stop is engaged by one 'of the sprocket teeth, a spring individual to each of said stops to move it away from said abutment when the associated stop is released from the said sprocket tooth, and a art rigidly connected with said end stop; t e said intermediate stop being carried by a given oscillation of said trip member into engagement with the sprocket tooth which was en aged by said end stop, said tooth being 'ten left free to engage the said part rigidly connected with said end stop and carry the latter stop into position to engage the next sprocket tooth to produce a single carriage stroke.

5. In a typewriter, an escapement for the carriage type-space movement which is actuated by an universal bar and cooperating type actuating key levers, and cooperating means on said bar and levers to selectively movesaid bar through strokes of diflerent extents by the manipulation of said levers; said escapement comprising a sprocket, a trip member having a stationary abutment, a movable end stop and an intermediate movable stop, a spring keeping said trip member with said end stop engaging one of the sprocket teeth, cooperating means keeping the said stops in position when the end sto is engaged by one of the sprocket teet 1, a spring individual to each of said stops to move it away from said masses abutment when the associated stop is released from the said sprocket tooth, and a part rigidly connected with said end stop; the said stationary abutment being carried by a given oscillation of said trip member 1 tooth.

6. In a typewriter, an escapement for the carri e type-space movement which is actuate by an universal bar and cooperating type actuating key levers, and cooperating means on said bar and levers to selectively move said bar through strokes of different extents by the manipulation of said levers; said escapement comprising a sprocket, a trip member having a station ary abutment, a movable end stop and an intermediate movable stop, a spring keeping said trip member with said end stop engaging one of the sprocket teeth, cooperating -means keeping the said stops in position when the end stop is enga ed by one of the sprocket teeth, a spring in ividual to each of said stops to move it away from said abutment when the associated sto is released from the said sprocket tooth, an a part rigidly connected with said end stop; said part consisting of a quadrant having a side edge and a front edge, the said stationar abutment being carried by a given oscilla ion of said trip member into engagement with the sprocket tooth which was side edge of said quadrant bearing against the said first sprocket tooth until the second sprocket tooth has cleared the said end sto and being released therefrom before said second tooth may engage said intermediate stop, the said front edge of said quadrant being thencngaged by said second sprocket tooth to carry said end stop into position to engage the third, sprocket tooth.

7. In a typewriter, the combination of type actuating key-levers, supporting parts, an universal bar fulcrumed in said supporting parts and having longitudinal edges which are offset, angularly with respect to rst engaged by the said end stop, the

each other'and which project to different. i

extents from the axis of rotation of said bar for the substantial length of the bar, means for rotating said bar to selectively bring any one of said edges into position for cooperation with said key-levers; the most projecting one of said edges, when in cooperating position, extending into close proximit with the key-levers, whereby the universe bar is immediately engaged on a key-lever being depressed and is caused to move downward to a greater extent than 5 when a less rominent one of said edges is in cooperation with said key-levers; and an escapement actuated by said bar for producing the movement of the typewriter carriage through spaces of different extents in accordance with the displacements imparted to said universal b'ar.-

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

DOMENI CO FARINA. 

